Versione delle 00:57, 18 mag 2018

LoRaWAN Gateway on rapberry, IMST iC880A Concentrator 868MHz, Centos 7

Main characteristics

User lorawan packet forwarder ( TTN legacy mode )
Remote access using ssh tunneling
Hardware reset for IMST concentrator
Autorestart services and network connections
Use system users for services (none run as root or privileged users)
All software (not configuration) is packaged and use standard public repo (not signed)
Use firewalld

Assemble the gateway

Parts:

Raspberry 3
iC880A - LoRaWAN® Concentrator 868MHz https://wireless-solutions.de/products/long-range-radio/ic880a.html
IP65 Box
LM2596 DC-DC 3-35V adjustable step-down power Supply module http://hobbycomponents.com/power/215-lm2596-dc-dc-3-35v-adjustable-step-down-power-supply-module
2200uF capacitor
internet key with SIM card
power supply 12V 2A

Assemble the gateway as described at: https://github.com/ttn-zh/ic880a-gateway/wiki

Regulate the DC-DC power Supply to output 5.0V Connect the capacitor to the output of DC-DC power Supply Connect power supply to DC-DC input Connect DC-DC output to raspberry

Operative system

Follow https://wiki.centos.org/SpecialInterestGroup/AltArch/Arm32/RaspberryPi3

enable epel:

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo << EOF
[epel]
name=Epel rebuild for armhfp
baseurl=https://armv7.dev.centos.org/repodir/epel-pass-1/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

EOF

enable ttn:

cd /etc/yum.repos.d
wget http://rmap.cc/repo/ttn/rmapcentos.repo

change root password!

Install packages

TOBEDONE

chkconfig ttn-gateway on chkconfig ttn-imstreset-setgpio on

Autossh

attivare autossh, ossia un tunneling ssh su macchina pubblica per

permettere l'accesso remoto di amministrazione; infatti la connesione tramite wifi o ethernet o GSM non espongono un ip pubblico (almeno senza fare un reindirizzamento di porta):

yum install autossh da root:

ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id

/usr/lib/systemd/system/autossh.service

[Unit]
Description=Autossh tunneling
After=network.target

[Service]
#User=ttn
#Group=ttn
WorkingDirectory=/root
#ExecStart=/usr/bin/autossh -M 5023  -N -R 5022:localhost:22 pat1@ttn.rmap.it
ExecStart=/usr/bin/autossh -M 0 -o "ServerAliveInterval 60" -o "ServerAliveCountMax 3" -N -R 5022:localhost:22 <user>@<remotehost>
SyslogIdentifier=autossh
Restart=always
RestartSec=30

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
service autossh start
chkconfig autossh on

ora dalla macchina remota si può fare:

ssh root@localhost -p5022

Pulsante poweoff

dnf install dbusgpio

/etc/dbus-1/system.d/dbusgpio.conf

<!DOCTYPE busconfig PUBLIC "-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Bus Configuration 1.0//EN"
"http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/busconfig.dtd">

<busconfig>

 <policy user="root">
   <allow send_destination="org.gpio.myboard.Pins"/>
   <allow own="org.gpio.myboard.Pins"/>
 </policy>

 <policy context="default">
   <allow receive_interface="org.gpio.myboard.Pins"/>
 </policy>

</busconfig>

/etc/dbusgpio/dbusgpio-site.cfg

[dbusgpiod]

logfile  = '/var/log/dbusgpio/dbusgpiod.log'
errfile  = '/var/log/dbusgpio/dbusgpiod.err'
lockfile = '/var/run/dbusgpiod.lock'

busaddress='systembus'
pinlist= 18,

/usr/local/bin/poweroffd

#!/usr/bin/env python
# GPL. (C) 2014 Paolo Patruno.

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 
# (at your option) any later version. 
# 
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the 
# GNU General Public License for more details. 
# 
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA 
# 

from dbusgpio import daemon
import dbus
import dbus.mainloop.glib
import gobject

#busaddress='tcp:host=192.168.1.180,port=1234'
busaddress=None

poweroffd = daemon.Daemon(
       stdin="/dev/null",
       stdout="/var/log/dbusgpio/poweroffd.log",
       stderr="/var/log/dbusgpio/poweroffd.err",
       pidfile="/var/run/poweroffd.lock",
#        user=autoradio.settings.user,
#        group=autoradio.settings.group
)

def poweroff():

   bus = dbus.SystemBus()
   ck = bus.get_object('org.freedesktop.login1',
                       '/org/freedesktop/login1')    
   p = dbus.Interface(ck,dbus_interface='org.freedesktop.login1.Manager')
   p.PowerOff(True)


def signal_handler(interface,properties,arg0):
   print "signal received"
   print "interface=",interface
   for prop in properties.keys():
       print prop, properties[prop]
       if prop == "Status" and properties[prop] == 0 :
           poweroff()
   #print arg0


def main(self):

   dbus.mainloop.glib.DBusGMainLoop(set_as_default=True)

   if busaddress is None:
       bus = dbus.SystemBus()
   else:
       bus = dbus.bus.BusConnection(busaddress)

   proxy = bus.get_object('org.gpio.myboard.Pins','/org/gpio/myboard')
   properties_manager = dbus.Interface(proxy, 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties')
   board_manager= dbus.Interface(proxy, 'org.gpio.myboard')

   if not properties_manager.Get('org.gpio.myboard', 'Running'):
       # start management of board pins
       board_manager.Raise('org.gpio.myboard')

   #pin 18 in
   properties_manager.Set('org.gpio.myboard.pins.channel18','Pull',"up")
   properties_manager.Set('org.gpio.myboard.pins.channel18','Mode',"in")
   print "18 status=", properties_manager.Get('org.gpio.myboard.pins.channel18','Status')

   bus.add_signal_receiver(signal_handler, dbus_interface = dbus.PROPERTIES_IFACE, signal_name = "PropertiesChanged")

   try:  
       loop = gobject.MainLoop()
       loop.run()

   except KeyboardInterrupt :
       # exit the management daemon
       board_manager.Quit('org.gpio.myboard')

if __name__ == '__main__':

   import sys, os
   poweroffd.cwd=os.getcwd()

   if poweroffd.service():

       sys.stdout.write("Daemon started with pid %d\n" % os.getpid())
       sys.stdout.write("Daemon stdout output\n")
       sys.stderr.write("Daemon stderr output\n")

       main(poweroffd)  # (this code was run as script)

       for proc in poweroffd.procs:
           proc.wait()

       sys.exit(0)

Assemblaggio

Connettere un pulsante normalmente apertro tra:

Physical pin 12; BCM pin 18; Wiring Pi pin 1
Physical pin 14; Ground

GSM

/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections

this for Vodafone:

[connection]
id=vodafone
uuid=9799d176-4b87-480b-82a8-d744f6f9959a
type=gsm
permissions=

[gsm]
apn=mobile.vodafone.it
number=*99#

[ipv4]
dns-search=
method=auto

[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=stable-privacy
dns-search=
method=auto

this for TIM:

[connection]
id=TIM Maxxi Alice/Internet
uuid=67a55a9d-c19b-479f-8dd9-ea0a4fb23282
type=gsm
autoconnect=true
autoconnect-retries=0
permissions=

[gsm]
apn=ibox.tim.it
number=*99#

[serial]
baud=115200

[ipv4]
dns-search=
method=auto

[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=stable-privacy
dns-search=
method=ignore

or use:

nmcli connection edit type gsm con-name "mio provider"

The only thing you are likely to need to edit is the APN of your network. This can be set with set gsm.apn <APN> where APN would be something like ibox.tim.it after:

save

WIFI

installare in /lib/firmware/brcm/

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RPi-Distro/firmware-nonfree/master/brcm/brcmfmac43455-sdio.txt

Dis/abiltare il wifi

/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=interface-name:wlan0

Attivare Access Point

cd
cd git
git clone https://github.com/oblique/create_ap.git
cd create_ap
make install

Disabilitare la gestione del wifi con networkmanager (vedi sopra) poi:

create_ap -n wlan0 ttn-gateway

Monit

GSM

/etc/monit.d/gsm-connection (change usb_modeswitch command and serial port to adapt to your gsm modem):

CHECK PROGRAM check_gsm PATH /usr/local/bin/check_gsm TIMEOUT 30 SECONDS
   if status != 0 then start

   start program = "/sbin/usb_modeswitch -v 12d1 -p 14fe -c /usr/share/usb_modeswitch/12d1:14fe ; sleep 10; /usr/bin/nmcli device connect ttyUSB2"
   stop program  = "/usr/bin/nmcli device disconnect ttyUSB2"

/usr/local/bin/check_gsm

#!/bin/bash
set -e

# "Check Mobile Broadband Connection." 

# testing...to see if gsm is on the list of active devices

       LC_ALL=C nmcli -t -f TYPE,STATE dev | grep -q "^gsm:connected$"

Packet forwarder

/usr/local/bin/check_gateway (change your gateway id and coordinate):

#!/usr/bin/python

import urllib2
import json
import dateutil.parser
import datetime
import sys

GATEWAYID="eui-0ceee6fffe9da82e"
LAT="44.48842723017417"
LON="11.26079806901295"

body=urllib2.urlopen("https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/gateway-data/location?latitude="+LAT+"&longitude="+LON+"&distance=15000").read()
gatewaydata=json.loads(body)
print gatewaydata[GATEWAYID]["last_seen"]

lastseen = dateutil.parser.parse(gatewaydata[GATEWAYID]["last_seen"]).replace(tzinfo=None)
now=datetime.datetime.utcnow()
print lastseen
print now

elapsed=now-lastseen
print "elapsed: ", elapsed
if ( elapsed > datetime.timedelta(seconds=300)):
   sys.exit(1)

sys.exit(0)

/etc/monit.d/gateway-connection

CHECK PROGRAM gateway-connection PATH /usr/local/bin/check_gateway TIMEOUT 30 SECONDS
   if status != 0 then restart

   start program = "/usr/sbin/service ttn-gateway start"
   stop program  = "/usr/sbin/service ttn-gateway stop"

   every 5 cycles

Power off

/etc/monit.d/poweroff

check process dbusgpiod with pidfile /var/run/dbusgpiod.lock

   start program = "/bin/dbusgpiod restart"
   stop program  = "/bin/dbusgpiod stop"


check process poweroffd with pidfile /var/run/poweroffd.lock

   start program = "/usr/local/bin/poweroffd restart"
   stop program  = "/usr/local/bin/poweroffd stop"
   depends on dbusgpiod

Activate monit

chkconfig monit on
service monit start

BlueTooth

diff  /boot/cmdline.txt /boot/cmdline.txt.save
1c1
< dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=tty1 root=/dev/mmcblk0p3 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline rootwait selinux=1 security=selinux  enforcing=0
---
> dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=ttyAMA0,115200 console=tty1 root=/dev/mmcblk0p3 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline rootwait selinux=1 security=selinux enforcing=0

/usr/lib/systemd/system/pi-bluetooth.hciuart.service

[Unit]
Description=Configure Bluetooth Modems connected by UART
ConditionPathIsDirectory=/proc/device-tree/soc/gpio@7e200000/bt_pins
Before=bluetooth.service
Wants=dev-serial1.device
After=dev-serial1.device

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/bin/btuart

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

/usr/bin/btuart

#!/bin/sh
set -x

HCIATTACH=/usr/bin/hciattach
SERIAL=`grep Serial /proc/cpuinfo | cut -c19-`
B1=`echo $SERIAL | cut -c3-4`
B2=`echo $SERIAL | cut -c5-6`
B3=`echo $SERIAL | cut -c7-8`
BDADDR=`printf b8:27:eb:%02x:%02x:%02x $((0x$B1 ^ 0xaa)) $((0x$B2 ^ 0xaa)) $((0x$B3 ^ 0xaa))`

if [ "$(cat /proc/device-tree/aliases/uart0)" = "$(cat /proc/device-tree/aliases/serial1)" ] ; then
   if [ "$(wc -c /proc/device-tree/soc/gpio@7e200000/uart0_pins/brcm\,pins | cut -f 1 -d ' ')" = "16" ] ; then
   $HCIATTACH /dev/ttyAMA0 bcm43xx 3000000 flow - $BDADDR
   else
   $HCIATTACH /dev/ttyAMA0 bcm43xx 921600 noflow - $BDADDR
   fi
else
   $HCIATTACH /dev/ttyAMA0 bcm43xx 460800 noflow - $BDADDR
fi

chkconfig pi-bluetooth.hciuart on

reboot

bluetoothctl

power on
agent on
scan on

pair <address>

Firewall

dnf install firewalld
chkconfig firewalld on
service firewalld start
firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=block
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=block --add-service=ssh
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=block --add-service=dns

Accesso remoto

Tramite consol su porta seriale

Assicurarsi che nel file /boot/cmdline.txt /boot/cmdline.txt sia apresente

console=ttyAMA0,115200

Attivare nel "/boot/config.txt" la voce "enable_uart=1"

(riferimenti: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/uart.md, https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=155559)

https://elinux.org/RPi_Serial_Connection

https://pinout.xyz/#

sul pc per visualizzare la console:

picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0

Tramite Bluetooth

/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service

ExecStart=/usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd --compat

service bluetooth restart

In /etc/udev/rules.d/90-rfcomm.rules, please put the following line:

KERNEL=="rfcomm[0-9]*", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"

sdptool browse local
sdptool add --channel=3 SP

bluetoothctl
  pairable on
  discoverable on
  agent on
  default-agent

rfcomm watch 0 3 /sbin/agetty -L rfcomm0 115200 linux

see at: https://docs.ubuntu.com/core/en/stacks/bluetooth/bluez/docs/reference/pairing/inbound

Tramite wifi

Connettersi all'AP con ssid ttn-gateway con password <password>

ssh root@ttn-gateway

Tramite ethernet

Scovare in qualche modo l'IP fornito dal dhcpserver e:

ssh root@<ipscovato>

Tramite server esterno

accedere a ttn.rmap.cc

ssh root@localhost -p 5022

Differenze tra le versioni di "Gruppo Meteo/HowTo/LorawanGateway"